Primary exercises
- Manually created factor.
In a study participants were asked whether their sport activity is none, oncePerWeek, severalPerWeek or daily.
Build a proper factor for the responses below and store it in a variable w.
Print the factor.
Write the code to count the numbers of occurrences of each level and print the counts.
severalPerWeek, none, none, oncePerWeek, oncePerWeek, oncePerWeek, oncePerWeek, ?, none, none
v <- c( "severalPerWeek", "none", "none", "oncePerWeek", "oncePerWeek", "oncePerWeek", "oncePerWeek", NA, "none", "none" )
w <- factor( v, levels = c( "none", "oncePerWeek", "severalPerWeek", "daily" ) )
w
[1] severalPerWeek none none oncePerWeek oncePerWeek oncePerWeek
[7] oncePerWeek <NA> none none
Levels: none oncePerWeek severalPerWeek daily
fct_count( w )
# A tibble: 5 x 2
f n
<fct> <int>
1 none 4
2 oncePerWeek 4
3 severalPerWeek 1
4 daily 0
5 <NA> 1
- A factor with a random content.
Read help about the function sample.
Then study and try the following lines of code to understand the results.
Next, understand why an error is generated and use replace argument to generate a vector with 100 samples.
Store this vector in a variable v and build a factor w from it.
Finally, count the numbers of occurrences of each level in w.
Ensure, that levels are in order provided in the variable lvl.
lvs <- c( "none", "oncePerWeek", "severalPerWeek", "daily" )
sample( lvs, 3 )
[1] "oncePerWeek" "none" "daily"
sample( lvs, 3 )
[1] "severalPerWeek" "oncePerWeek" "none"
sample( lvs, 3 )
[1] "none" "severalPerWeek" "oncePerWeek"
sample( lvs, 100 )
Error in sample.int(length(x), size, replace, prob): cannot take a sample larger than the population when 'replace = FALSE'
v <- sample( lvs, 100, replace = TRUE )
w <- factor( v, levels = lvs )
w
[1] none oncePerWeek oncePerWeek severalPerWeek none severalPerWeek
[7] daily none none daily daily daily
[13] severalPerWeek severalPerWeek daily none none daily
[19] none oncePerWeek severalPerWeek daily daily none
[25] daily severalPerWeek oncePerWeek oncePerWeek oncePerWeek severalPerWeek
[31] none daily oncePerWeek none daily severalPerWeek
[37] oncePerWeek none daily daily daily none
[43] none none daily none none severalPerWeek
[49] severalPerWeek none severalPerWeek severalPerWeek daily none
[55] none oncePerWeek oncePerWeek daily none daily
[61] severalPerWeek severalPerWeek oncePerWeek severalPerWeek oncePerWeek none
[67] daily none severalPerWeek none oncePerWeek daily
[73] oncePerWeek daily none none oncePerWeek none
[79] severalPerWeek daily none daily severalPerWeek none
[85] severalPerWeek daily oncePerWeek none severalPerWeek oncePerWeek
[91] none daily severalPerWeek none oncePerWeek none
[97] daily none none severalPerWeek
Levels: none oncePerWeek severalPerWeek daily
fct_count( w )
# A tibble: 4 x 2
f n
<fct> <int>
1 none 34
2 oncePerWeek 18
3 severalPerWeek 22
4 daily 26
- Reordering factor levels.
When a factor is shown on an axis of a plot, the order is given by its levels.
The factor w from the previous exercise will be then shown in this order: none, oncePerWeek, severalPerWeek, daily.
But for a picture in a manuscript the following order might be needed: daily, severalPerWeek, oncePerWeek, none.
Apply to w one of the fct_ functions from the tidyverse library to produce a factor w2 with the requested order.
Show the levels of w2.
Again show the number of elements of each level in w2 and compare it with the table of the previous exercise.
w2 <- fct_relevel( w, c( "daily", "severalPerWeek", "oncePerWeek", "none" ) )
levels( w2 )
[1] "daily" "severalPerWeek" "oncePerWeek" "none"
fct_count( w2 )
# A tibble: 4 x 2
f n
<fct> <int>
1 daily 26
2 severalPerWeek 22
3 oncePerWeek 18
4 none 34